Demodicosis of goats: Haematological and biochemical changes     

M. R. Dalapati  M. K. Bhowmik  S. Sarkar  N. K. Sasmal 《Tropical animal health and production》1997,29(4):240-242

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Conservation assessment and prioritization of areas in Northeast India: Priorities for amphibians and reptiles     

Samraat Pawar  Chris Kelley  Sujoy Chaudhuri  Sahotra Sarkar 《Biological conservation》2007,136(3):346-361

This study combines niche modeling and systematic area prioritization using distribution data for 131 species of amphibians and reptiles from Northeast India and Burma, with two objectives: (i) to evaluate the performance of the current conservation area network in Northeast India with respect to the representation of amphibians and reptiles, and (ii) to identify potential areas for expanding the current conservation area network. In a two-step protocol, maximum entropy niche modeling was used to project species’ potential geographic occurrences, and the resulting probabilistic distribution data were used to prioritize areas with algorithms that maximize the representation of all species in minimal total area. The results provided a critical assessment of conservation priorities in this data-deficient region, and indicate the utility of combining niche modeling with systematic area prioritization in such situations. Many areas that had been overlooked in previous assessments were identified. Although the existing protected areas were found to be inadequate for representation of amphibian and reptile diversity, the prioritization results show that by targeting a minimal representation of 5% of the current total area suitable for each species, the gaps can be filled with a relatively modest (0.41%) increase in the current total area covered by the network. Extended analyses were also performed to assess the effects of putatively rare species on reserve selection, which showed that the inclusion of these taxa can change the prioritization solutions significantly. The prioritization results also highlight areas of Northeast India that warrant attention from future surveys.  相似文献   

Water use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under intermittent ponding and different intensity of puddling     

S. Sarkar 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):339-346

Abstract

To increase the water use efficiency (WUE) of rice, two sets of experiments were carried out from 1997 – 1999. Experiment one: Irrigation period of rice was divided into three stages: early (S₁, 10 – 35 days after transplanting, [DAT]); middle (S₂, 36 – 60 DAT) and late (S₃, 61 – 85 DAT). Intermittent ponding (IP) was imposed at single, two stages or the entire growing period. Continuous ponding (CP) in all three stages was taken as control. Though the highest grain yield (6.71 mg ha^?1) was obtained under control, this regime was responsible for the lowest WUE. In contrast, IP in all stages was responsible for maximum WUE with minimum yield level. Imposition of IP in S₁ resulted in higher (0.529 kg m^?3) WUE along with insignificant reduction in yield over control. Experiment two: Three puddling practices were: (i) High intensity puddling (HIP); (ii) Moderate intensity puddling (MIP); and (iii) Low intensity puddling (LIP). On average, HIP resulted in the lowest value (6.5 mm d^?1) of percolation rate. Both grain yield (6.93 mg ha^?1) and WUE (0.597 kg m^?3) attained highest value under HIP. A decrease in puddling intensity under MIP and LIP lowered the yield by 2.97 and 17.75% respectively. In the case of WUE, the reduction was 16.27 and 54.66%.  相似文献   

Development and validation of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for blood plasma cortisol in female cattle,buffaloes, and goats     

R. Yadav  K. Mohan  V. Kumar  M. Sarkar  K. Nitu  H.H.D. Meyer  B.S. Prakash 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2013

A highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that used the second antibody coating technique and the cortisol-horseradish peroxidase conjugate as a label for determination of free and total cortisol in blood plasma of dairy animals (cows, buffaloes, and goats) was developed. For biological validation of the EIA, blood samples were collected from the animals at 48 and 24 h before and 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, and 132 h after dexamethasone administration. The EIA was performed directly with 20 μL of fresh plasma (for free cortisol) and also with 20 μL of heat-treated plasma (for total cortisol) after 1:5 dilutions with PBS. Cortisol standards ranging from 0.39 to 200 pg/well/20 μL were used, and the sensitivity of the EIA procedure was found to be 0.39 pg/well/20 μL, which corresponded to 0.02 ng/mL. In comparison with RIA the EIA was at least 4 times more sensitive and required 5 times less cortisol antiserum. In female cattle, buffaloes, and goats, the total, free, and bound plasma cortisol before dexamethasone administration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the total, free, and bound cortisol after dexamethasone administration. It can be concluded from these studies that the direct, sensitive EIA validated for estimating the free and total cortisol concentrations was sufficiently reliable and quick for studying the dynamics of cortisol distribution in blood plasma of dairy animals.  相似文献   

Domain composition of rhamnose-binding lectin from shishamo smelt eggs and its carbohydrate-binding profiles     

Masahiro Hosono  Shigeki Sugawara  Takeo Tatsuta  Toshiyuki Hikita  Junko Kominami  Sachiko Nakamura-Tsuruta  Jun Hirabayashi  Sarkar M. A. Kawsar  Yasuhiro Ozeki  Sen-itiroh Hakomori  Kazuo Nitta 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(6):1619-1630

Osmerus (Spirinchus) lanceolatus egg lectin (OLL) is a member of the rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) family which is mainly found in aqueous beings. cDNA of OLL was cloned, and its genomic architecture was revealed. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence indicated that OLL was composed of 213 aa including 95 aa of domain N and 97 aa of domain C. N and C showed 73 % sequence identity and contained both -ANYGR- and -DPC-KYL-peptide motifs which are conserved in most of the RBL carbohydrate recognition domains. The calculated molecular mass of mature OLL was 20,852, consistent with the result, and 20,677.716, from mass spectrometry. OLL was encoded by eight exons: exons 1 and 2 for a signal peptide; exons 3–5 and 6–8 for N- and C-domains, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance spectrometric analyses revealed that OLL showed comparable affinity for Galα- and β-linkages, whereas Silurus asotus lectin (SAL), a catfish RBL, bound preferentially to α-linkages of neoglycoproteins. The Kd values of OLL and SAL against globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) were 1.69 × 10^?5 M for and 2.81 × 10^?6 M, respectively. Thus, the carbohydrate recognition property of OLL is slightly different from that of SAL. On the other hand, frontal affinity chromatography revealed that both OLL and SAL interacted with only glycolipid-type oligosaccharides such as Gb3 trisaccharides, not with N-linked oligosaccharides. The domain composition of these RBLs and an analytical environment such as the “cluster effect” of a ligand might influence the binding between RBL and sugar chains.  相似文献   

PCR based molecular characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nepenthes khasiana</Emphasis> Hook. f.—pitcher plant     

B. S. Bhau  K. Medhi  T. Sarkar  S. P. Saikia 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(8):1183-1193

Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f. belonging to monotypic family Nepenthaceae is a rare, endangered, dioecious member of the carnivorous plant found in North-East India. The plant is endemic to the Indian state of Meghalaya and is distributed throughout the state from West Khasi hills to East Khasi hills, Jaintia hills and East, West to South Garo hills from 1,000 to ca. 1,500 m altitude. Multi-locus analysis using PCR based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers were used for the first time to assess the genetic diversities of N. khasiana Hook. f. collected from different parts of Meghalaya. It was observed that RAPD analysis showed more polymorphism than ISSR fingerprinting in revealing genetic polymorphism in N. khasiana Hook. f. The result of cluster analysis by using UPGMA method showed that the groups based on pooled RAPD–ISSR genetic similarity were more similar than the groups based on RAPD. Furthermore, genetic similarity reveals variability within the population at Jarain of Jaintia hills, while between populations the Baghmara region differs from the others with at least 40% dissimilarity. The results show a broad range of genetic diversity within the populations of N. khasiana Hook. f.  相似文献   

DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Marine Gastropod Morula granulata Exposed to Phenanthrene     

Jacky Bhagat  A. Sarkar  B. S. Ingole 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(4):114

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Biological properties of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) (L.) gonadotropins in female reproduction     

Shrabanti Sarkar  Debapriya Bhattacharya  Subir Kumar Juin  Panchanan Nath 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(6):1849-1861

The biological activities of catfish LH-like (semi-purified: s200a and purified Qa) and FSH-like (semi-purified: s200b and purified: Qb) were compared in intact and hypophysectomized female catfish, Clarias batrachus, during preparatory and the pre-spawning periods on vitellogenesis and ovarian maintenance, as well as in vitro final maturation of oocytes, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). During preparatory period, in intact catfish, semi-purified FSH-like induced complete vitellogenesis through the production of estradiol-17β (E₂) and vitellogenin (Vg) accompanied by the formation of SIII yolky oocytes. On the other hand, semi-purified LH-like had induced the formation of only SII (characterized by the appearance of cortical alveoli in cytoplasm) oocytes, which indicates the initiation of vitellogenesis. In hypophysectomized female catfish, purified LH-like but not FSH-like induced the formation of SII oocytes in the ovaries. Treatment with semi-purified LH- and FSH-like at the dose level of 5 µg/fish/day for 7 days significantly maintained the yolky oocytes in gravid catfish after hypophysectomy with a significant reduction in plasma Vg, but not E₂ levels, indicating some unknown GtH-induced factor doing the job. In in vitro oocytes culture, both LH- and FSH-like induced GVBD, but the response was significantly more with LH-like than FSH-like. All these findings revealed that both LH-like and FSH-like have overlapping physiological functions, but their responses differ depending on the physiological status of the catfish.  相似文献   

Expression profile of HSP genes during different seasons in goats (Capra hircus)     

Satyaveer Singh Dangi  Mahesh Gupta  Divakar Maurya  Vijay Prakash Yadav  Rudra Prasanna Panda  Gyanendra Singh  Nitai Haridas Mohan  Sanjeev Kumar Bhure  Bikash Chandra Das  Sadhan Bag  Ramkrishna Mahapatra  Guttalu Taru Sharma  Mihir Sarkar 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(8):1905-1912

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Preliminary study on crystal dissolution activity of Rotula aquatica, Commiphora wightii and Boerhaavia diffusa extracts     

Raut AA  Sunder S  Sarkar S  Pandita NS  Vaidya AD 《Fitoterapia》2008,79(7-8):544-547

Several Ayurvedic plants are known to have activity against diverse urinary crystals. The traditional knowledge of Ayurveda, collective clinical experience in arthritis and the earlier experimental studies on urinary crystals led to the selection of three plants, viz. Rotula aquatica, Commiphora wightii Bhandari syn. C.mukul. and Boerhaavia diffusa for screening anticrystal activity against basic calcium phosphate (BCP), calcium pyrophosphate (CPPD) and monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM). The effects of each plant were assayed on microcrystals in 24-well microplates in vitro. Our results show that the aqueous extracts of only R. aquatica and C. wightii have shown crystal dissolving activity against MSUM.  相似文献